Aplicación de internet de las cosas (IoT) para entornos de invernadero optimizados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54502/msuceva.v2n2a11Palabras clave:
Agricultura, agricultura inteligente, Internet de las Cosas, invernaderos, tecnologíaResumen
Esta revisión presenta la investigación más avanzada sobre sistemas IoT para entornos de invernadero optimizados. Los datos fueron analizados usando métodos descriptivos y estadísticos para inferir relaciones entre Internet de las cosas (IoT), tecnologías emergentes, agricultura de precisión, agricultura 4.0 y mejoras en la agricultura comercial. La discusión se sitúa en el contexto más amplio de IoT en la mitigación de los efectos adversos del cambio climático y el calentamiento global en la agricultura a través de la optimización de parámetros críticos como la temperatura y la humedad, la adquisición inteligente de datos, el control basado en reglas y la resolución de las barreras para la adopción comercial de sistemas IoT en la agricultura. Los recientes eventos meteorológicos severos e inesperados han contribuido a los bajos rendimientos y pérdidas agrícolas; este es un desafío que se puede resolver a través de la agricultura de precisión mediada por tecnología. Los avances tecnológicos han contribuido con el tiempo al desarrollo de sensores para la prevención de heladas, el control remoto de cultivos, la prevención de riesgos de incendio, el control preciso de nutrientes en cultivos de invernadero sin suelo, la autonomía energética mediante el uso de energía solar y la alimentación, el sombreado y la iluminación inteligentes. control para mejorar los rendimientos y reducir los costos operativos. Sin embargo, abundan los desafíos particulares, incluida la adopción limitada de tecnologías inteligentes en la agricultura comercial, el precio y la precisión de los sensores. Las barreras y los desafíos deberían ayudar a guiar futuros proyectos de investigación y desarrollo y aplicaciones comerciales.
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